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Wheat Information Service
Number 90:13-20 (2000)
Research article
Gliadin and, HMW-glutenin variations in
Triticum turgidum L. ssp.turgidum and T.
aestivum L. landraces native to Sichuan, China
Yu-Ming Wei, You-Liang Zheng, Deng-Cai Liu, Yong-Hong
Zhou and Xiu-Jin Lan
Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University,
Dujiangyan City 611830, Sichuan, P, R. China
Summary
Forty Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum and 89
T. aestivum L. landraces native to Sichuan, China, were
evaluated for the variability of gliadins and HMW-glutenins. Low
variability was observed for both gliadins and HMW-glutenins in these
landraces. No Glu-D1 variation was observed and only two
Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 variations were found in T.
aestivum landraces. Eightyseven out of 89 landraces (97.8%) had
the identical HMW-glutenin pattern with bread wheat cultivar Chinese
Spring. Landrace Chengdu-guangtou had the identical gliadin and
HMW-glutenin patterns with Chinese Spring, supporting the proposal
that Chinese Spring is a strain of Chengdu-guangtou. In T.
turgidum landraces, 37 out of 40 landraces (92.5%) had identical
HMW-glutenin pattern (i.e. subunits 2* and similar to 17+18). All
HMW-glutenin patterns found in T. turgidum landraces differed
from those in T. aestivum landraces. It suggested that the
AABB genomes of T. aestivum landraces native to Sichuan were
not closely related to those of T. turgidum landraces. The gliadin
and HMW-glutenin loci of T. turgidum landrace can express in
hexaploid wheat background. Thus, the Gli and Glu-1
loci of T. turgidum landraces can be used to increase the
genetic variability of Sichuan wheat cultivars.
Key words: Gliadin, HMW-glutenin, Landrace, T. aestivum
L., T. turgidum L. ssp. turgidum
Introduction
In the endosperm of wheat (T. aestivum L.), the main
storage protein classes are glutenin and gliadin. Glutenins were
composed of high-molecular-weight (HMW) subunits and
low-molecular-weight (LMW) subunits. HMW-glutenin subunits were
controlled by three gene loci, located on the long, arm of
chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D, and identified as Glu-A1,
Glu-B1 and Glu-D1, respectively (Payne et al, 1982).
Specific HMW-glutenin allelic variants were associated with
bread-making quality (Payne 1987). Gliadins were encoded by
Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci located on the distal part of the
short arm of the homoeologous group 1 and group 6 chromosomes in
tetraploid (Laflandra et al. 1983) and hexaploid wheat (Laflandra et
al. 1984). Gliadins are inherited as blocks or linked groups (Mecham
et al. 1978) and a vast multiple allelism has been established at
each of these loci (Sozinov and Poperelya 1980). Although quality
parameters associated with the presence of individual gliadins are
not as well defined as they for glutenins, their impact on quality is
well established and different gliadin blocks have been found to
produce differential quality (Sozinov and Poperelya 1980).
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