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Wheat Information Service
Number 85: 43-44 (1997)
Research information

Combining ability analysis in relation to heat stress for yield, its components and some growth durations in wheat

Rajiv F- Sharma¹⁾ and J.P. Tandon²⁾

¹⁾Division of Genetics, Indian Agril. Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
²⁾ICAR, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi-110001, India

The wheat crop in India matures in March/April and wide temperature fluctuations expose the crop to heat stress during the grain filling stage. Eight wheat purelines viz., Hindi 62(1), Narmada 4(2), Kalyansona(3), Kharchia 65(4), Sonalike (5), WH 283(6), DWR 39(7), HI 1011(8) and their all possible cross combinations excluding reciprocals were used to generate combining ability information and identify suitable parents and cross combinations for further exploitation. The material was sown on 25.10.89 (S₁) and 1.12.89 (S₂). The S₁ exposed the material to relatively higher temperature stress during vegetative growth, whereas S₂ exposed the post flowering phase to high temperature stress (Table 1). Data were recorded on days to appearance of first node (FN), days to ear emergence (EE), days to maturity (DM), duration from anthesis to maturity (AM), number of effective tillers per plant (TP), grains per spike (GS), 1000-grain weight (GW) and grain yield per plant (GY). The data were subjected to Grriffing's combining ability analysis.

Both gca and sea mean squares were significant, however, a greater importance of gca was revealed (Table 2). This indicated immense scope for selection to improve these characters, except number of tillers per plant under S₁ and grain yield per plant under S₂. The best positive combiners for further breeding work are listed in Table 2. Since additive as well as non-additive components of genetic variability determined the inheritance of the relevant characters, an efficient breeding plan would be the one which can exploit both these components.

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