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A. Ear unaristate, narrow,
small
B. Ear unaristate, square-headed
C. Ear unaristate, pyramidal, large
D. Ear aristate, pyramidal, large
The selected phyla of group A are similar to the monococcum
parent. Following the sowing of 400 grains/sqm up to 1200 spicate
stalks were counted. Stalk length 80 em, stalk wall thin, stability
insufficient at good fungus resistance. Yields below those of
compared varieties, TKM (weight of thousand seed g rains) 38
g, raw protein content 12.5%.
The selected squarehead forms (group B) turned out to be stable due
to their strong stalk walls, although their stalk length was 100 em.
Strong infestation with Erysiphe, Septoria and Fusarium
were found in them. The grain yields was mainly unsatisfactory,
TKM 45 g, raw protein content 13%.
The phyla classified under group C showed stalk length of 100 cm and
more. Their stability varied. Different grades on infestations with
Erysiphe, Septoria and Fusarium were found in them.
Their yields achieved the levels of the compared varieties. Grain
formation was good in most cases (TKM often 50 g) and a raw
protein content of 13% was established.
The D phyla were predominantly long-stalked (above 100 cm), their
stalks and stalk walls were strongly formed. Stability satisfactory,
low susceptibility to fungus infestation. Upon the adding of
nitrogen (N) of up to 100 kg/hectare their yields equal those
of compared varieties. Their TKM is above 50 g, in 1979
its mean value of 24 tested specimen was 69.4 g. Throughout all the
years under review higher raw protein contents were established than
those in the certified varieties (14-16%).
The properties of the parents can be traced in the progenies. In
selected phyla especially the fungus resistance from T.
monococcum. Multiplied fully fertile phyla had 42
chromosomes. In contrast to Triticale products the former
showed the development of all ovules. During comparative studies with
certified varieties over a number of years none of the test samples
obtained better yields. The hybrids classified under group D proved
to have a high protein content, a good state of health and good
yields. It seemed to be reasonable to submit one phylum to
register test of the Bundessortenamt (German Federal Plant
Registration Office) although it was known that even after twenty
selections there are still 1% unaristate ears. Hence, according to
the regulations issued by UPOV (International Union for the
Protection of New Varieties) 1981-10-16-GT/3/8, the number
of plant with lacking development of features was exceeded, it
is determined at 5 out of 2000. The material under review offers the
opportunity of transferring worthwhile properties into varieties and
phyla of seed wheat.
References
Schumann G (1986) Experiments for producing introgression lines
of soft wheat by the help of Triticum monococcum as
donor. Cereal Res Com 14(l): 61-67.
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