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Wheat Information
Service
Number 82: 1-7 (1996)
I.
Articles
A unique
wheat variety-Raj 3077
V.K. Bhatnagar and S.N. Sharma
Wheat Breeding Scheme, Rajasthan Agricultural University,
Agricultural Research Station, Durgapura, Jaipur 302018,
India
Summary
A new wheat variety, Raj 3077 was developed from three
genetically diverse cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) in three
way cross (HD 2267 / Raj 1482// Raj 1802). This variety exhibited a
higher level of productivity both under optimum and sub optimum
environments. It also possesses superior grain quality along with
other desirable quality parameters and fairly high degree of
resistance to rusts. Genetically it is blessed with Lr23+,
Lr10+ and Yr2+ for rust resistance and Rht1
gene for reducing height. It is a robust and reliable wheat
variety that offers good degree of tolerance to saline/alkaline
conditions., This variety was recommended for normal sowing (1987),
late sowing (1988) for North Western Plains Zone and saline/alkaline
condition (1992) for whole of the country by Wheat Varietal Release
Committee (AICWIP). It is envisaged that this variety will open up
new vistas of boosting wheat production and alleviate the
socioeconomic status of the subsistent Indian farmers.
Introduction
Wheat, the world's most extensively grown crop, is the second
most important source of staple food in India. The increasing annual
population growth rate of more than 2.1% along with rising
nutritional standards on the one hand and stagnating productivity on
other, have become a major concern to the fragile food security
system of the country. Therefore, sustained research efforts are
needed to keep on upward trend in wheat, well above the population
growth. The upsurge in production and productivity could be achieved
by the wide spread adoption of semi dwarf, lodging and disease
resistant, photoinsensitive and fertilizer responsive varieties
amenable to improved agronomic practices.
Recently, a new wheat variety, Raj 3077 has been developed in India
which has a genetic potential for excellent performance under
different situations in the major wheat growing mega environments of
North Western Plains Zone of India. This paper describes the
development, performance, resistance and quality aspects of this
marvelous wheat variety.
Materials and methods
Three genetically diverse cultivars of bread wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.), namely, HD 2267, Raj 1482 an d Raj 1802 were
selected for hybridization. Three way cross (HD 2267 / Raj 1482 //
Raj 1802 ) was attempted among these selected parents. The pedigree
method was used for handling different generations under artificial
epiphytotic condition of rusts at Agricultural Research Station,
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Based on yield tests, reaction to important diseases and other
attributes of agronomic and grain quality value, the most promising
homozygous lines including strain Raj 3077 were entered into
different varietal yield evaluation trials for three years at
different locations of North Western Plains Zone (NWPZ) of India
under the All India Coordinated Wheat Improvement Project (AICWIP).
Natural field under saline / alkaline conditions (pH above 7.0 and
not beyond 3-4 Ece) was also used for this test. In first year
(Initial varietal trial) the trial was conducted in double lattice
design and onwards (Advance varietal trial) randomized block design
was used for varietal testing programmes at all locations across the
zone. The mean averaged over locations for different traits has been
given only for Raj 3077 and check varieties for interpretation of the
results in this paper, although a number of other varieties were also
tested in the coordinated trials.
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