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Wheat Information
Service
Number 73: 25-29 (1991)
Interrelationship
among grain yield and its economic characters in wheat, Triticum
aestivum L.
S. M. Qayyum, A. H. Ansari, A. A. Mirza*
Department of Agronomy, S. A. U., Tandojam, Pakistan
* Department of Statistics, S. U. Jamshoro, Pakistan
The knowledge about the association of factors influencing yield is a
pre-requisite for designing an effective plant breeding programme
(Worley et al 1976). The information about the simple correlation of
agronomic and morphological characters with yield is helpful in the
identification of the components of this character. Keeping the above
facts in view and experiment was performed to assess the
interrelationship among yield and its components in wheat, under
agro-ecological conditions of Tandojam.
Materials and methods
To assess the interrelationship among yield and its components in
wheat, an experiment was conducted at Agronomy Experimental Fields,
A. R. I. Tandojam during winter 1987-88. Six cultivars of bread wheat
(M-141, M-154, TJ-83, Pavon, Pak-70 and Blue Silver) were grown in
four replicated complete randomized block design at a rate of 125kg
seeds per ha in a net plot area of 5 x 3m, maintaining 30cm row
distance. A basal fertilizer was applied with dose of 100kg N and
70kg P2O5 per ha prior to sowing in the form of
urea and single super phosphate. All the required cultural operations
were adopted uniformly in all the plots throughout the growing period
according to the crop requirements. At maturity 12 plants were
randomly selected from each variety. The plant population was
recorded per m2 from each plot. The following characters
were measured; plant population/m2, days to flag leaf,
days to ear heading, plant height, number of tillers/plant,
spikelets/spike, spike length, number of kernels/spike, kernel
weight/spike and grain yield/plant.
Simple and multiple correlation and regression coefficients were
calculated, following Steel and Torrie (1980).
Results and discussion
Simple correlation among yield and its components
(Table
1) showed that
plant population/m2 had strong negative association with
number of tillers/plant, indicating that population/m2
decreased the tillering capacity/plant. Similarly spike length had
negative significant correlation with plant population/m2.
This relation shows that increasing plant population/m2
reduced the length of spike. Yield/plant revealed high negative
relationship with plant population/m2 indicating that
increasing plant stand/m2 reduced the single plant
yield.
These results suggest that plant population can possibly be used as
yield predictor. These results are in agreement with those of Breggs
and Aytenfisu (1980).
Days to flag leaf had strong and positive correlation with days to
ear heading. However, it did not have any correlation with plant
height, kernels/spike, kernel weight/spike and yield, respectively.
Days to ear heading did not have any association with plant height,
number of tillers/plant, number of spikelets/spike, spike length,
number of kernels/spike, kernel weight/spike and yield/plant,
respectively. These relationship explain that days to flag leaf and
car heading are not sure signs in improving yield.
Plant height had highly significant and positive association with
number of kernels/spike showing that taller plants produced greater
number of kernels/spike. The correlations between plant height and
weight of kernels/spike, and yield/plant were positive and
significant. These high magnitude of correlations show that plant
height can be used in selection criteria. It was noted that number of
tillers/plant, number of spikelets/spike and spike length had no
association with plant height.
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