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Wheat Information
Service
Number 71: 10-13 (1990)
Radiation
effect on mitosis and meiosis in wheat
V. K. Khanna
Department of Plant Breeding, G. B. Pant Agrivasity, Pantnagar,
India
Gamma radiations interfere with the process of cell division
resulting in cytological abnormalities and reduced frequency of
dividing cells (Swaminathan 1964). The effects of mutagenic
treatments are usually measured by certain parameters, among others
being, seedling height and chromosome aberrations during mitosis and
meiosis. Present study deals with radiation effect on seed
germination, mitotic index, seedling height and cytology of two
varieties of Triticum aestivum and two varieties of
Triticum durum.
Materials and Methods
Two varieties of aestivurn wheat i.e. UP 262 and WH 147 and two
varieties of durum wheat viz. HD 4502 and Raj 1555 were taken for the
present study. Air-dried seeds with moisture content of 11.5 + or -
0.5 per cent were given different doses of gamma rays. Studies were
carried out on the first generation with regard to germination,
mitotic index, seedling height, and various cytological abnormalities
induced in the treated material.
The seeds were soaked in distilled water for 24 hours and then they
were surface sterilized for 10 minutes in 0.2 per cent mercuric
chloride. They were washed in distilled water and placed for
germination in petri-dishes on the soaked filter paper. The
petri-dishes were placed in an incubator at 25C. Germination
percentage and seedling height were recorded for five days. Meiotic
and mitotic cell divisions were studied in pollen mother cells and
root tip cells, respectively.
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