The Tenth Triticeae Meeting of Japan, 2015
Katsuyuki Kakeda
Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-Machiya, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
Corresponding author: Katsuyuki Kakeda
E-mail: kakeda@bio.mie-u.ac.jp
The Tenth Triticeae Meeting of Japan was held at Iseshi Kanko Bunka Kaikan in Mie prefecture on December 11 and 12, 2015. A total of 84 attendee including researchers and students participated in the meeting (Fig. 1). This meeting was partly supported by National BioResource Project (NBRP) - Barley and Wheat. One of the objectives of the meeting was to share the information about genetic and genomic resources in Triticeae and to discuss their efficient use in the research community. The meeting had 11 oral and 39 poster presentations as shown below. The next meeting will be held at Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University in Kurashiki next year.
ABSTRACTS & TITLES
Oral Presentation
O01. Discussion on the progress of the third tem of National BioResource Project-Wheat
Shuhei Nasuda
Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan founded the BioResource Project-Wheat (NBRP-Wheat) in 2002. Since then MEXT has been supported the activities for 13 years. The NBRP is relocated to the Japan Agency of Medical Research and Development (AMED, Japan) in the fiscal year 2015. The fiscal year 2015 is the fourth year of the third tem (2012-2016) of the NBRP. In the presentation, I have summarized our activities of the third term. In general, thanks to devotion of the members of the core-facilities and supports from the wheat research community, I can conclude that our activities are successful. Seed distribution, propagation and storage are almost as were scheduled. The core-collections of the hexaploid, tetraploid and diploid wheat species are being established. However, I need to confess that we are facing problem of human resources. At Kyoto University, two of three faculty members of the projects are leaving and at Yokohama-city University, two members are scheduled to leave at the end of fiscal year 2015. To overcome these problems, we started to change the seed management system from the cluster-system to central system. The progress of the revolution of seed management was reported in the presentation. I announced the plan of the rest of the third term and prospects for the fourth term. Comments and requests to NBRP-Wheat are always welcome.
O02. Evaluation of NBRP-KOMUGI strains and their application for wheat breeding
Koji Murai
Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ., Japan
In Fukui Prefectural University, we have developed and released two bread wheat cultivars. One is “Fukui-kendai 3” (Fukukomugi as trademark) and the other is “LM12”. Both were developed from progenies of crossing between late-flowering cultivar “Nanbukomugi” at northern Honshu and early-flowering cultivar “Nishikazekomugi” at Kyushu. “Fukui-kendai 3” is an early-flowering soft red wheat suitable for a climate of Hokuriku, and the planted area in 2015 is more than 100 hectares in Fukui Prefecture. “LM12” is a wheat cultivar for “living mulches”, which are cover-crops planted with main crop to suppress weed growth. We evaluated 189 hexaploid wheat strains of NBRP-KOMUGI for three seasons (2011/2012, 2012/2013, 2013/2014), and found several early-heading bread wheat strains originated from foreign countries. We are planning to use them as pollen parents of hybrid wheat varieties between Japanese and foreign genotypes. As for tetraploid wheat, we evaluated 189 NBRP-KOMUGI strains, and found several durum strains with early-heading and short culm, which could be useful for developing Japanese durum wheat cultivars. In conclusion, the NBRP-KOMUGI collections are promising genetic resources for wheat breeding in Japan.
O03. Resources of NBRP Barley and their efficient uses
Kazuhiro Sato
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Japan
Barley is a member of the tribe Triticeae and can be a diploid model crop of wheats. Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University preserves and supplies barley genetic resources collected and developed originally, a BAC library, and cDNA clones by NBRP. The project also supplies filters and pooled DNA samples for efficient selection of BAC clones. The project distributes the world’s first full-length cDNA clones of barley (developed in the NBRP genome analysis program), and publishes their nucleotide sequences. Two main questions were asked during the presentation. 1) What is necessary to expand the use and publish more papers on NBRP Barley resources? 2) What is necessary to upgrade the information on barley genome information and barley resources? Answers to these questions are discussed during the meeting.
O04. SNPs among barley germplasm and marker development by RNA-Seq analysis
Kazuhiro Sato
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Japan
To develop DNA markers showing polymorphisms among germplasm in barley breeding programs, 36 accessions of NBRP barley were sequenced by RNA-Seq analysis. For each accession, a library from seedling root and shoot, and another library from spike before booting were developed and sequenced. Reads were quality controlled and mapped to barley full length cDNAs with known genomic positions. The alignment of sequences from 36 accessions on each locus (cDNA) was available on the web based database. Positions of SNPs are indicated on the alignment. Database also has functions of germplasm selection, primer design and selection of restriction enzyme. The development of Illumina iSelect system on these SNPs is on the way.
O05. "Working Together" Barley breeding strategy of SAPPORO
Wataru Saito
Bioresources Research and Development Department, Sapporo Breweries, Japan
Innovation 1.0 “Introduction”
The beer brewing of Japan has been supported by the high quality malts which produced from new varieties developed under the effort of breeding.
Innovation 2.0 “Collaboration”
In the scene of breeding new varieties, new added value has been developed and introduced by "collaboration".
Innovation 3.0 “To open the future”
New "collaboration" is creating super added value character to open up a new market.
O06. Genus Vigna -the Wild and Sexy-
Ken Naito
Genetic Resource Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Japan
Genus Vigna consists of legume crops such as azuki bean as well as a number of wild species. One of the most outstanding features of the genus Vigna is the great adaptability of the wild species to severe environmental conditions, which includes high salt (~400mM NaCl), acid (~pH3) or alkaline (~pH10) soil, drought and flooding. By figuring out genetic mechanisms of their adaptations, it would be possible to generate novel stress-tolerant crops. Since most Vigna species are capable of interspecific crosses, are diploids, and have relatively small genomes (550Mb), comparative genetic and genomic studies can be easily performed. In short, Vigna species are the ideal material to understand environmental adaptation of higher plants.
To promote successive cloning of valuable genes, we are now sequencing genomes of azuki bean (V. angularis) and 10 wild species, using PacBio RSII. Compared to Illumina-based assembly, the PacBio-based assembly achieved 100 times longer contig sizes and 100 times less amount of gaps.
Obtaining the whole genome sequences have enabled us to easily identify stress tolerance QTLs. Our first target is salt tolerance, because almost half of the irrigated croplands have problems of accumulating salt. Thus we developed some F2 populations derived from crosses between accessions of salt-tolerant and of salt-sensitive. RAD-seq analysis following whole genome sequencing identified only one or two QTLs with strong effects, indicating salt tolerance evolution had been genetically simple process in genus Vigna.
Our next step will be combining genetic/genomic data with transcriptomic data to pinpoint the responsible genes.
O07. Current Status of National BioResource Project Medaka
Naruse, K.1, T. Sasado1, S. Chisada1, M. Tanaka1, Y. Takehana1, Y. Kamei1, T. Sato2, T. Myosho2, M. Sakaizumi2, R. Akashi3 and H. Okamoto4
1National Institute for Basic Biology, Japan
2Niigata University, Japan
3Miyazaki University, Japan
4RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan
Medaka has been used as a model animal worldwide. Medaka has the similar characters with other model fish such as zebrafish and stickleback as experimental animals and also have species specific features. As medaka is fish in temperate zone, spawning is influenced by photoperiod and circadian rhythms. Medaka can adapt to lower temperatures in winter and higher temperature in summer. Adaptability to high salinity is also prominent. Medaka relative also show unique and interesting morphological /physiological features. Thus medaka and relatives are applicable to various researches from basic biology such as development, genetics and physiology to the applied bioscience such as the development of human disease models, marine/freshwater toxicology and the models for aquaculture.
Medaka has been supported as important biological resources with National BioResource Project (NBRP) since 2002. Now NBRP medaka is a central repository of medaka resources established in medaka research community and have provided several resources like fish, cDNA/BAC/fosmid, hatching enzyme and several database useful for the community and recently provided screening system of TILLING library as well as the genome editing platform by CRISPR-Cas9. NBRP medaka continue to support medaka research community to enhance the productivity, continuity and reproducibility for each researcher.
O08. Genome editing in plants and barley transformation
Hiroshi Hisano
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Japan
Genome editing is a new technology to produce mutants by designer nucleases e.g. Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALEN) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/ CRISPR-associated 9 (CRISPR/Cas9). In this presentation, the brief overview of genome editing was explained, and it included about particular formation of TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9, differences of procedure for genome editing between in animals and in plants, comparison between conventional transformation and genome editing, and mechanisms of knock-in and knock-out in target genes. Also published reports and current states of genome editing in plants was inducted.
On the other hand, author presented about a project for genome editing in barley. Then author introduced about identification of the genomic region responding to transformation amenability in barley. The efficiency of transformation is important for current genome editing in plants to introduce the genes encoding those nucleases. Author found several loci showing segregation distortion of SNPs markers in transgenic barley plants derived from a cross between cvs. Haruna Nijo as recalcitrant of transformation and Golden Promise as reliable for transformation. These loci could be necessary or advantageous for transformation in barley.
O09. Detection of SNPs among barley cultivars using genome and transcriptome data
Tsuyoshi Tanaka
Agrogenomics Research Center, NIAS, Japan
Releases of draft genome sequences in wheat and barley enable us to construct genome-wide markers and conduct genome-wide genotyping. However, because of the large genome size with more than 80% of repeat regions, genome resequencing for SNP detection is poor cost efficiency in these crops. To solve this problem, we are developing RNA-Seq-based systems for SNP detection. By using Haruna Nijo and Morex genomes, thousands of SNPs between two Japanese barley varieties are detected with physical positions. However, there are chromosomes with low density of SNPs because this method can detect them only on transcribed regions. We select 96 SNP markers using physical and genetic distance for applying to a genotyping system, Fluidgm.
O10. Identification of wheat Vrn-D4 gene which originated by gene duplication in South Asia.
Kenji Kato
Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Japan
Wheat cultivars with winter growth habit require long exposures to low temperatures (vernalization) for phase transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Growth habit is determined by four vernalization genes (Vrn-1, Vrn-2, Vrn-3, and Vrn-4) and their natural allelic variation has favored wheat adaptation to different environments. The first three genes have been cloned and characterized before. In contrast, the genetic study of the fourth gene, Vrn-D4, was delayed mainly because of the use of wrong stocks of Triple Dirk NILs. However, we recently succeeded to show that Vrn-D4 was originated by the insertion of a ~290-kb region from chromosome arm 5AL into the proximal region of chromosome arm 5DS. The inserted 5AL region includes a copy of Vrn-A1 that carries distinctive mutations in its coding and regulatory regions. Three lines of evidence confirmed that this gene is Vrn-D4: it co-segregated with Vrn-D4 in a high-density mapping population; it was expressed earlier than other Vrn1 genes in the absence of vernalization; and induced mutations in this gene resulted in delayed flowering. Vrn-D4 was found in most accessions of the ancient subspecies Triticum aestivum ssp. sphaerococcum from South Asia. This subspecies showed a significant reduction of genetic diversity and increased genetic differentiation in the centromeric region of chromosome 5D, suggesting that Vrn-D4 likely contributed to local adaptation and was favored by positive selection. Three adjacent SNPs in a regulatory region of the Vrn-D4 first intron disrupt the binding of TaGRP2, a known repressor of Vrn1 expression. The same SNPs were identified in Vrn-A1 alleles previously associated with reduced vernalization requirement. These new alleles can be used to modulate vernalization requirement and to develop wheat varieties better adapted to different or changing environments.
O11. Evolution of the grain dispersal system in Triticeae
Takao Komatsuda
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Japan
About 12,000 years ago in the Near East, humans began the transition from hunter-gathering to agriculture-based societies. Barley was a founder crop in this process, and the most important steps in its domestication were mutations in two adjacent, dominant and complementary genes, through which grains were retained on the inflorescence at maturity, enabling effective harvesting. Independent recessive mutations in each of these genes caused cell wall thickening in a highly specific grain ‘disarticulation zone’, converting the brittle floral axis (the rachis) of the wild type into a tough, non-brittle form that promoted grain retention. By tracing the evolutionary history of allelic variation in both genes, we conclude that spatially and temporally independent selections of germplasm with a non-brittle rachis were made during the domestication of barley by farmers in the southern and northern regions of the Levant, actions that made a major contribution to the emergence of early agrarian societies.
Poster Presentation
P01.
Mapping of the black lemma and pericarp locus by QTL-seq in barley
Sakamoto, K.1, Hisano, H.1, Motoi, Y.1, Takagi, H.2, Terauchi, R.2 and Sato, K.1 (1IPSR, Okayama Univ., 2Iwate Biotech. Res. Ctr.)
P02.
Genome wide association analysis of barley α-amylase (preliminary report)
Matsumoto, S.1, Hisano, H.1, Kihara, M.2, Zhou, T.S.2 and Sato, K.1 (1IPSR, Okayama U., 2BRDD, Sapporo Brew. Ltd.)
P03.
Abnormal development of hybrid seeds from interspecific crosses of two wild einkorn wheat species
Takumi, S. (Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ.)
P04.
Gene expression analysis of leaves infected by Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici.
Yoshida, K. (Org. Adv. Sci. Tech., Kobe Univ.)
P05.
Genome-wide marker discovery in Aegilops tauschii using RNA-seq analysis
Nishijima, R.1, K. Yoshida2, K. Sato3 and S. Takumi1 (1Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ., 2Org. Adv. Sci. Tech., Kobe Univ., 3IPSR, Okayama Univ.)
P06.
Generation of transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing wheat WRKY transcription factor genes associated with cell death
Kuki, Y.1, R. Ohno2, K. Yoshida2 and S. Takumi1 (1Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ., 2Org. Adv. Sci. Tech., Kobe Univ.)
P07.
Fine mapping of the Net2 gene causal to low temperature-induced hybrid necrosis in Aegilops tauschii
Sakaguchi, K. and S. Takumi (Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ.)
P08.
Intraspecific variation in puroindollin genes in Aegilops umbellulata
Okada, M.1, K. Yoshida2 and S. Takumi1 (1Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ., 2Org. Adv. Sci. Tech., Kobe Univ.)
P09.
Expression patterns of flowering genes in an extra early-flowering einkorn wheat mutant, exe2, generated by ion beam irradiation
Kitagawa, S.1, A. Nishiura1, N. Mizuno2, S. Nashuda2, Y. Kazama3, T. Abe3 and K. Murai1 (1Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ., 2Grad. Sch. Agr., Kyoto Univ., 3RIKEN Nishina Cent.)
P10.
Epigenetic regulation of VRN1 gene in an alloplasmic wheat line showing late-flowering phenotype
Umekita, K.1, K. Narita11, K. Nagaki2, M. Murata2 and K. Murai1 (1Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ., 2IPSR, Okayama Univ.)
P11.
Inter-genomic crosstalk between CO-like genes and florigen gene in bread wheat
Oyama, T.1, Y. Yamakage1, S. Takumi2 and K. Murai1 (1Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ., 2Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ.)
P12.
Epigenetic regulation of class B MADS-box genes for flower development in bread wheat
Kuwabara, T.1, K. Umekita1, M. Tanaka1, K. Nagaki2, M. Murata2 and K. Murai1 (1Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ., 2IPSR, Okayama Univ.)
P13.
Effect of Aegilops crassa cytoplasm on expression of VRN1 homoeologous genes in bread wheat
Komada, Y. and K. Murai (Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ.)
P14.
Analysis of a novel extra early-flowering einkorn wheat mutant, extra early-flowering 5 (exe5), generated by ion beam irradiation
Luu, T. M.1, S. Kitagawa1, Y. Kazama2, T. Abe2, N. Mizuno3, S. Nashuda3, N. Fujita4 and K. Murai1 (1Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ., 2RIKEN Nishina Cent., 3Grad. Sch. Agr., Kyoto Univ., 4Dep. Biol. Prod., Akita Pref. Univ.)
P15.
Inheritance of the dimorphism of grain size and seed dormancy in a spikelet in wild emmer wheat: segregation in F3 populations
Ohta, S., N. Uenomachi, S. Kakoya, A. Yamauchi and R. Kariyasu (Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref. Univ.)
P16.
Search for wild emmer wheat populations with non-dormant individuals in a high frequency (preliminary report)
Yoshiyasu, M1, A. Adou1, M. Saito1, K. Yamada1, N. Mori2, H. Ozkan3 and S. Ohta1 (1Dep. Biosci., Fukui Pref.. Univ., 2Grad. Sch. Agr., Kobe Univ., 3Fac. Agr., Cukurova Univ., Turkey)
P17.
QTL analysis of the domestication traits in emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum) using backcross derived lines with the genetic background of domesticated emmer wheat
Miyazaki Y. 1, P.-M. Ngoc1, C. Vladutu1, T. Ishii1, K. Shahryar2 and N. Mori1 (1Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ., 2USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Lab., Univ. Minnesota, U. S. A.)
P18.
Quantitative analysis of intra-molecular recombination of mitochondrial genome in wheat
Ohta S. 1, M. Makita1, M. Tsujimura2, T. Terachi2 and N. Mori1 (1Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ., 2Fac. Life Sci., Kyoto Sangyo U.)
P19.
Genetic analysis of the domestication related traits in emmer wheat using backcross derived lines with the genetic background of wild emmer wheat
Shimada S.1, K. Gyu1, C. Vladutu1, T. Ishii1, S. Kianian2 and N. Mori1 (1Grad. Sch. Agr. Sci., Kobe Univ., 2USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Lab., Univ. Minnesota, U. S. A)
P20.
Eating quality test of boiled pearled barley using near isogenic lines
Yanagisawa, T., M. Taira and E. Aoki (NARO Institute of Crop Science, Japan)
P21.
Comprehensive molecular characterization of the α/β-gliadin multigene family in common wheat
Kawaura, K.1, S. Noma2, K. Hayakawa2, C. Abe2, N. Tsuge2 and Y. Ogihara1 (1KIBR, Yokohama City Univ., 2Nisshin Flour Milling Inc.)
P22.
FZP genes control spikelet number per rachis node in wheat
Sakuma, S.1,2, W. Kouyama1, H. Uchiyama1, Y. Ogihara1, T. Schnurbusch3 and T. Komatsuda2 (1 KIBR, Yokohama City Univ., 2NIAS, 3IPK)
P23.
Prediction of orthologous genes among common wheat ancestors using RNA-seq
Kajita, Y.1, T. Tanaka2, K. Kawaura1, S. Sakuma1, K. Mishina1,2, H. Tarui3, N. Suzuki3, M. Tagami3, J. Kawai3, and Y. Ogihara1 (1KIBR, Yokohama City Univ., 2NIAS, 3RIKEN OSC)
P24.
Identification of salt stress tolerance genes in common wheat
Tokunaga, A., K. Kawaura, S. Sakuma and Y. Ogihara (KIBR, Yokohama City Univ.)
P25.
Effects of wheat agricultural traits with KODA treatment in field condition
Ishizuka, M., S. Sakuma, M. Edakubo, M. Yokoyama and Y. Ogihara (KIBR, Yokohama City Univ.)
P26.
Analysis of suppressor(s) of specific gliadin in bread wheat
Kamei, Y., M. Miura, Y. Ogihara, S. Sakuma and K. Kawaura (KIBR, Yokohama City Univ.)
P27.
Sequencing of novel HMW-GS genes in bread wheat of RDA collection
Kobayashi, S., Y. Kamiya, S. Sakuma, Y. Ogihara and K. Kawaura (KIBR, Yokohama City Univ.)
P28.
Phenotypic analysis of spike architecture toward cloning of floret fertility gene in bread wheat
Mitsuhashi, Y. and S. Sakuma (KIBR, Yokohama City Univ.)
P29.
Genome-wide gene expression pattern in reproductive organ during polyploidy evolution of hexaploid wheat
Watanabe, R., S. Sakuma, K. Kawaura, Y. Jung and Y. Ogihara (KIBR, Yokohama City Univ.)
P30.
Phylogenetic relationship of 21 chromosomes in the common wheat cultivars based on RNA-seq data
Mizuno, N.1, K. Sato2 and S. Nasuda1 (1Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ., 2IPSR, Okayama Univ.)
P31.
Development and processing of high β-glucan content lines with high yield using high amylose (amo1) gene
Takahashi, A. and T. Yoshioka (NARO/WARC)
P32.
Search for the pollen S gene candidate in Hordeum bulbosum by genome and transcriptome analyses
Asahara, R., M. Murakami and K. Kakeda (Fac. Bioresources, Mie Univ.)
P33.
Natural variation of the AP2 homoeologs in tetraploid wheat
Ishihara, M. and K. Kakeda (Fac. Bioresources, Mie Univ.)
P34.
The investigation of the relationships between leaf SPAD and grain protein content (GPC) or grain yield using Hokkaido elite winter wheat varieties
Yamaguchi, T. (Food Technology and Biotechnology, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine)
P35.
Higher adaptation of Kihara Afghan wheat landraces (KAWLRs) to Ca and high pH
Haque, E.1, Y. Kobara3, H. Tsujimoto2 and T. Ban1 (1KIBR, Yokohama City Univ., 2Arid Land Research Center, Tottori Univ., 3Organochemical Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Science (NIAES))
P36.
Identification of Kihara Afghan wheat landraces (KAWLRs) with higher accumulation of micronutrients
Yamaoka, S. 1, A. Manickavelu1, Y. Kondo2, E. Haque1, H. Tsuji1 and T. Ban1 (1KIBR, Yokohama City Univ., 2Kanto Gakuin Univ.)
P37.
Interaction of photoperiodic response genes affects expression pattern of circadian clock genes in barley
Nishida, H.1, A. Fujimi2, K. Taniko2 and K. Kato1 (1Grad. Sch. Environ. Life Sci., Okayama U., 2 Fac. Agr., Okayama U.)
P38.
Mapping of a novel flowering time QTL on 2HS chromosome derived from a barley cultivar Morex
Tanabe, R. 1, K. Kobori2, H. Nishida1, E. Aoki2 and K. Kato1(1Grad. Sch. Environ. Life. Sci., Okayama U., 2Fac. Agr., Okayama U.)
P39.
RNA-seq analysis of heading related genes in wheat breeding line “Chogokuwase”
Masuda, H. 1, H. Yamashita1, H. Nishida1, N. Mizuno2, M. Nitta2, M. Fujita3, S. Nasuda2 and K. Kato1
(1Grad. Sch. Environ. Life Sci., Okayama U., 2 Grad. Sch. Agr., Kyoto U., 3NARO/NICS)